A clinical condition where there is dilatation and tortuosity of the testicular veins due to damage to their unidirectional valves, allowing blood to flow in directions, out-in and in-out. This unfortunate phenomenon disturbs the testicular milieu by transmitting the blood temperature (i.e., 37.2 degrees C) to the testis (normally the testicular temperature is lower than the core body temperature to allow for normal sperm production). Warming of the testes threatens sperm formation and may lead to reduction in testicular size. The dysfunctional veins release toxins that eventually cause direct damage to the sperm forming cells. Varicocele are considered a common cause of reversible infertility in males, and may be incriminated in few studies to lower testosterone hormone. Predisposing factors for varicocele are prolonged standing, sitting and pressure (Weight lifting).
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